4.3 Mineral Resources


Vocabulary


Gemstone: A hard, colorful, glassy mineral.
Ore: A rock that has enviornmental uses, that are useful.
Smelting: A process- When the ore is separated by what is and is not useful.
Alloy: A combination of two or more metallic materials.

Outline


The Uses of Minerals

  • Minerals are the source of many precious metals
Gemstones
  • Gemstones are shiny, rare, colorful stones
    • Once a gemtone is cut, it is a gem
  • Gems are used mostly for jewelery, decoration, mechanical parts, and grinding
Metals
  • Metals have a lot of uses
    • Metals began as minerals in the crust

Ores

  • A rock that contains metal/economically useful mineral inside it is an ore
  • Most metals do not occur in pure form (are usually in ores, waiting to be removed)

Mining

  • There are strip mies, open pit mines, and shaft mines
    • Geologists give maps to miners on where to mine
  • In strip mines they scrape away soil to reveal ores
  • in open pit, they dig giant deep pits to remove all ores.
    • Some open pits can get gigantic!
  • In shaft mines, they have a tunnel of networks that follow the ore veins
  • Mining is very bad for the environment
    • soil left over from mining can "rot" and land is also worn down
      • Laws have been made to protect environment from this

Smelting

  • After mining ore, metals must be removed using smelting
  • They melt the ores, separating the melted metal from oxygen
  • people remove impurities to make it hard steel

science_4.3

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